Cathedrals

While the abbey was built for function, the cathedral was built for beauty.  It was generally perceived as a monument to God, and so cathedrals were built with an eye to inspire awe and reverence.  Many of these buildings are works of art.  Interestingly enough, many cathedrals began as monasteries or churches.  Most were made of stone, typically limestone, or occasionally brick.  Intricate stained glass windows were the main source of light in the usually vast buildings.  Many cathedrals had beautiful vaulted ceilings, both as ornamentation but more importantly as protection against fire - architects of the time thought the vaulted ceilings helped reduce the risk of fire.

Part of the Gothic style seen in so many cathedrals was heavy ornamentation.  Gargoyles and other figurines were placed everywhere, especially at the ends of gutters so that when it rained, it would seem the gargoyles were spitting water.  The roofs of cathedrals were made of limestone, tile, slate, or lead, and could be pointed, flat, or domed.

For more information:

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Cathedral

• Virtual Tours of Gothic Cathedrals

• Cathedral Architecture

• Cathedrals of England

• Gothic Architecture in England - Cathedrals